This blog entry will attempt to give you a viewpoint of what vegas was like, before John C. Fremont, “The Great Pathfinder,” rode though here with Kit Carson and placed Las Vegas on a map for pioneers to use on their travels west. A copy of Fremont’s map can be found here:
http://digital.library.unlv.edu/cgi-bin/viewer.exe?CISOROOT=/LV_Maps&CISOPTR=419&CISOMODE=grid
Somewhere around 10 thousand years ago, but no one can be certain of the time, Paleo-Indians first visited the Las Vegas valley. They lived as nomads, traveling and camping in different locations. These people left behind petroglyphs that help us tell our early history.
Prehistoric Southern Nevada was a virtual marsh of abundant water and vegetation.
As eons passed, the marsh receded. Rivers disappeared beneath the surface. The once teeming wetlands evolved into a parched, arid landscape that supported only the hardiest of plants and animals. Water trapped underground in the complicated geologic formations of the Las Vegas Valley sporadically surfaced to nourish luxuriant plants, creating an oasis in the desert as the life- giving water flowed to the Colorado River.
Construction workers in 1993 discovered the remains of a Columbian mammoth that roamed the area during prehistoric times. Paleontologists estimate the bones to be 8,000 to 15,000 years old. Hidden for centuries from all but native Americans, the Las Vegas Valley oasis was protected from discovery by the surrounding harsh and unforgiving Mojave Desert.
A display of the Columbian mammoth can be found at the Nevada State Museum, Las Vegas.
Then about 2 thousand years ago, the Anasazi Indians move into southern Nevada and live along the Muddy and Virgin rivers. The “Lost City” are ruins of the Anasazi community that can be found in Overton, Nevada, northwest of Las Vegas. The Pauite people also explored the Las Vegas area.
The Pauite are still living in Las Vegas and have a reservation near downtown due to the contribution of ranch land by Helen Stewart.
Las Vegas Paiute Tribe -Native American Indian Tribes
Map of 1 Paiute Dr, Las Vegas, NV 89106
In 1829, a young scout named Rafael Rivera is the first person of European ancestry to look upon the valley. His discovery of a valley with abundant wild grasses growing and a plentiful water supply reduces the journey by several days. The valley is named Las Vegas, Spanish for “The Meadows.”
In 1844, John C. Fremont, along with frontiersman Kit Carson, arrived in Las Vegas and kept a journal describing two springs he found. His enthusiastic reports created wide interest in Western scenery and Western concerns. Congress made 20000 copies of the map above and it was used by many pioneers during the gold rush of 1849.
Next historical blog entry will be on John C. Fremont.
Have fun and be safe. : ) Mark